房屋名称：莲花之居

设计团队：华盛顿大学圣路易斯

建筑制造商：倍立达-汤山生产基地

室内面积：650sqf（平方英尺）

设计理念：建筑与环境的共生一直以来都是一个很重要而值得讨论的问题。传统的建造方式有许多环境保护上的短板，比如说：相对高的碳排放，废料产生，材料浪费和能源消耗。华盛顿大学赛队致力于通过设计和对新技术3D打印的利用来降低建造过程中的能源和材料消耗，从而达到节省材料保护环境的目的。

House Name: Lotus House

Design Team Name: Team WashU LOTUS BLD

Curtain Wall Manufacturer: Beilida-Tangshan Production Factory

Covered Area:650sqf

Design Concept: It is vital to reconsider a symbiotic relationship between the building and nature.Traditionally the building has had a negative effect on the environment: high levels of CO2 emissions, waste, exploitation of materials.and enormous energy usage. Team WashU focused on how to reduce waste generated on the construction site. lessen CO2 emitted during the process.and save materials.One key way to achieve this is by reducing and ultimately phasing out the CO2 emissions produced by the building sector – through the transformation of building design.construction.and operation.

通过对3D打印技术的利用，我们可以再生产环节中做到利用更少的材料生产出精确的外墙以及节点模具，重复使用3D打印材料和大大降低模具的重量从来节省运输费用。在3D打印的过程中，我们可以通过先进的增材制造和表面处理过程，可以将废料变为新的高质量产品。这样的循环利用使得生产一个产品的能耗仅为生产一个全新的产品的2-25%。

This is the reason why Team WashU chose to use 3D printing technology as the backbone of the project. This technology saves energy by eliminating steps in production,using substantially less material,enabling the reuse of by-products,and producing lighter products. Remanufacturing parts through advanced additive manufacturing and surface treatment processes,can return end-of-life products to as-new condition,with one product using only 2−25% of the energy required to make a new one.

虽然制作一个3D打印模型的价格比传统的木质模具要高出很多，但是木质模具最多只能重复利用两次。相比而言，3D打印模具可以重复使用100次，并且材料可以回收再利用。这样算下来，3D打印在造价上将比木质模具要低的多。华盛顿大学赛队决定利用3D打印来生产室内所有异形家具来体现我们对于可持续设计的理解。

Although the initial price of a 3D printed mold is much higher than a typical wood mold, a wooden mold can only be re-used twice, but a 3D printed mold can be used a minimum of 100 times. When we take this recyclable time into consideration, the price is reversed after 5 reuses. So, imagine that a 3D printed mold is used 100 times, the difference between the two methods is tremendous. Team WashU also decided to 3D print all the furniture in the Lotus House, in order to fully commit to the sustainable method of design.

▼倍立达汤山生产基地-技术探讨 

Beilida-Tangshan Production Factory -T&D

▼生产制作-雕刻模型 

Production - Sculpture Mold

▼墙板运输 

Wall Panel Transpor

▼地基铺设 Foundation Laid

▼外墙吊装 

Main Wall Hoisting、Exterior Wall Hoisting

▼顶部吊装 Roof Hoisting

▼倍立达GRC材料与太阳能结合 

GRC With Solar Energy

莲花之居室内面积650sqf，设计主要集中在人的室内流线。华盛顿大学赛队希望扩大建筑的灵活性并在建筑中心设计了一个圆形空间内核作为多功能房间。通过创造一个大的室内开放庭院作为餐厅，通过滑动玻璃门与室内连接。在室内庭院的四周均匀分布厨房，客厅，厨房和书房四个空间。中央庭院提供建筑最重要的集聚场所，也可以作为与其他所有空间流线的起点和重点。我们希望通过创造这样一个开放和闭合空间灵活连接的方式来体现我们对人居体验和自然风水的推崇。

The Lotus House is 650 sqf design which focuses around human circulation. Team WashU wanted to maximize the flexibility, by creating a center core which allows for various functions and spaces around it to stretch and flow throughout the house. By creating a large open space in the center of the house, this courtyard functions as a dining space which can be changed by opening sliding doors. This space is dragged into the kitchen, living area, bedroom area and study room. The center of the house is focused around the most important function of the house- a gathering space for people, where they can eat. This courtyard space then flows into the rest of the house.  We want to create an open environment, which allows for natural human mobility, and promotes a healthy Feng Shui.  

花之居的建筑平面围绕着中心庭院展开。中心庭院提供中国传统文化最重要的空间：餐厅。因此，中心庭院是最开放和有趣的空间。通过其他的流线设计，中心庭院与其他的功能分区和空间在视觉和空间上相互连接。来源于莲花灵感的双曲线外墙提供了室内分区的间隔。除此之外，3D打印的家具都是根据室内墙面流线和空间大小定制而成，使得每个空间都有其独特的特点和辨识度。圆形流线是根据人居生活最常用的顺序:回家，坐下休息，准备食物，分享交流，休息入睡。

The plan is organized around the core, which is the dining room. In Chinese culture, the dining room the most important space for the whole family for it functions as an area for collective gathering; therefore, it is the most public and intriguing space in a house. With a circular organization, the centralized dining hall is also connected with the rest of the programs/rooms visually and physically. The organic lotus form provides subdivisions with the curved walls.  Moreover, the 3D printed furniture pieces are all inbuilt and highly customized, allowing for every room to be more clearly characterized and defined. The circular plan is also a suggestion of the most common daily sequential living: coming home, setting down bags, preparing food, sharing and communicating with others in the central dining room, and relaxing in the living room, in finally, in the bedroom. The programs are organized in certain way to define how people lives inside the house.